This cluster of papers focuses on research related to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy. It covers topics such as the role of oxidative stress, vascular endothelial growth factor, complement factor H polymorphism, and choroidal thickness in the pathogenesis and treatment of these diseases. Additionally, it explores the use of intravitreal injections and optical coherence tomography angiography in understanding and managing AMD and diabetic retinopathy.