This cluster of papers explores the dynamics of carbon storage, methane emissions, and microbial processes in peatland ecosystems, with a focus on the impacts of climate change, hydrological factors, and nitrogen deposition. It addresses the role of peatlands in the global carbon cycle, their response to environmental disturbances, and their potential as both carbon sinks and sources. The research also delves into the interactions between wetland vegetation, soil microbial communities, and biogeochemical processes influencing carbon and nitrogen cycling.