This cluster of papers explores the role of glutathione transferases, superoxide dismutase, and genetic polymorphisms in oxidative stress response, cancer resistance, drug metabolism, and cell signaling. It investigates the impact of antioxidant enzymes on disease susceptibility and drug resistance, as well as their structural and functional characteristics. The research also delves into the implications of oxidative stress in various diseases and the potential for targeting glutathione-related pathways in therapeutic interventions.