This cluster of papers explores the compositional, technological, and nutritional aspects of camel milk, including its potential therapeutic properties in managing diabetes, its genomic characteristics, and its impact on human health. The research covers topics such as the proteins and peptides in camel milk, the effects of camel milk on glycemic control and insulin requirement, the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of camel milk, and the sustainability and production challenges of non-cattle milk.