This cluster of papers focuses on Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), a hereditary small vessel disease. It explores the genetics, clinical manifestations, diagnostic strategies, pathogenesis, and management aspects of CADASIL, with a particular emphasis on Notch3 receptor mutations, cerebrovascular dysfunction, white matter lesions, and cognitive impairment.