麦子：有群友问我一个特藏的问题，我觉得现在国内的一些特藏的特，其实是特色而非特殊。所以涉及到一个特藏的定义问题。
扣肉：special的意思吧。
弯曲的*：特是独有的、与他人有显著区别和差异的。
麦子：特色收藏其实是把某个学科和题材的内容收集等级比较高，也就是以前RLN的5个等级的定义，内容题材收的比较全。而特殊收藏是难以replace更替（？）和特殊的分开流通过程。
麦子：一般的特藏是只能在受控制的环境里做有限阅读的，不可出借的。
麦子：这和所收集的资源的格式题材年代没有关系。
郑州*：@麦子 一些珍本、善本、名人手稿也算特藏。
郑州*：我见有的特藏馆里面很多非遗作品。
麦子：有志向希望是好的，这样有点动力，但要做得太多，到后来往往连最基本的东西都没做而难的东西又做不了。
闽农林*：@麦子 特藏库建设在落地时，确实有按照特色数据库来建设的实例。
麦子：@闽农林大圕-李林 这些收藏其实都是特色收藏，而不是特殊收藏。
麦子：我见过的special collection都是有独立借阅系统，另外，里面的内容基本是很难在其他地方找到的。
麦子：我特地打电话给UCLA的同事确认了一下。他们的方志收藏可能就次于上图，这个收藏大多是不可替补的，也是就是没法买到的，但并没有独立，是和其他书是放在一起的。如果出借，需要馆员的许可，所以只借校内老师和研究生。他们这个收藏不是特藏。
麦子：至于比较‘古稀少’的书，我馆的定义是1895年之前，另外就是全世界收藏要少于5本。
麦子：如果要以‘全’来收，这是包括新书的，但我觉得极其难。举个例子，如果你做一个‘三体’的收藏，你需要把它所有中文的版本和所有语言的翻译本都收集了。如果在国外有一个人改编了，写了四体，你也要收集。这就需要有一个在这方面很厉害的馆员，加上一个很好的书商网络，能告诉你在世界各地这书的衍生出版的情况。
麦子：很多事情，如果什么都不懂是很幸福的，因为你感觉良好，高高在上。一旦知道太多，感觉就差得多，也就只能老老实实做人了。
麦子：我们的科幻特藏，据说是世界第一，有专人负责收藏（此人只管这个收藏，如果是大库的科幻书，这和他没关系）但里面的漏洞巨大，只能也是能尽可能收集。
麦子：这个收藏，其他东西不说，光是科幻爱好者自行出版的fanzine(fan+magazine)就有10万种。这类似现在的部落格，但是油印后寄给同好的。
麦子：现在国内讨论的特藏其实是收藏内容比较多的收藏，也就是在1975年RLG（早已不存在）5个收藏级别中比较高的收藏，和真的特藏的概念不是一回事，但很多人不知道其中的区别。
麦子：https://www.loc.gov/acq/devpol/cpc.html。
麦子：The Research Libraries Group (RLG) was founded in 1975 by the New York Public Library and Columbia, Harvard and Yale universities. RLG grew to over 150 research libraries and worked to provide information discovery services, develop and operate collaborative programs, and create and promote relevant standards and practices. RLG developed a system of collecting levels (see listing below), known as the RLG Conspectus, intended primarily for the uniformevaluation of collections in research libraries. The use of these collecting levels evolved from a tool for evaluation into a meaningful set of descriptors employed in library collection policy statements. Updates to the RLG Conspectus ended in 1997, and RLG became a part of OCLC in 2006.In 2015 the Collection Development Office (CDO) undertook a long-term project to update the Library’s Collection Policy Statements, most of which incorporated use of the RLG Conspectus. After reviewing the current use of the RLG Conspectus among several academiclibraries in the United States and the collection development policies of national libraries in several foreign countries, and after consultation with several Library of Congress recommending officers, CDOdecided to retain use of these collecting levels in the Library’s Collection Policy Statements.It should be noted that these collecting levels are aspirational in nature. That is, they are goals for guidingour collecting policies. Changing resources in, for example, budgetsor human capital, may require adjustments in collection building, especially at the comprehensive level.Out-of-Scope: The Library does not collect in this area.Minimal Level: A subject area in which few selections are made beyond very basic works. For foreign law collections,this includes statutes and codes.Basic Information Level: A collection of up-to-date general materials that serve to introduce and definea subject and to indicate the varieties of information available elsewhere. It may include dictionaries, encyclopedias, selected editionsof important works, historical surveys, bibliographies, handbooks, afew major periodicals, in the minimum number that will serve the purpose. A basic information collection is not sufficiently intensive tosupport any courses of independent study in the subject area involved. For law collections, this includes selected monographs and loose-leaf titles in American law and case reports and digests in foreign law.Instructional Support Level: A collection that in a university is adequate to support undergraduate and most graduate instruction, or sustained independent study; that is, adequate to aintain knowledge of a subject required for limited or generalized purposes, of less than research intensity. It includes a wide range of basic monographs, complete collections of works of more important writers, selections from the works of secondary writers, a selection of representative journals, and reference tools and fundamental bibliographical apparatus pertaining to the subject. In American law collections, this includes comprehensive trade publications and loose-leaf materials, and for foreign law, periodicals and monographs.Research Level: A collection that includes the major published source materials required for dissertations and independent research, including materials containing research reporting, new findings, scientific experimental results, and other information useful to researchers. It is intended to include all important reference works and a wide selection of specialized monographs, as well as a very extensive collection of journals and major indexing and abstracting services in the field. Older material is retainedfor historical research. Government documents are included in American and foreign law collections.Comprehensive Level: A collection which, so far as is reasonably possible, includes all significant works of recorded knowledge (publications, manuscripts, and other forms), inall applicable languages, for a necessarily defined and limited field. This level of collecting intensity is one that maintains a " special collection." The aim, if not achievement, is exhaustiveness. Oldermaterial is retained for historical research. In law collections, this includes manuscripts, dissertations, and material on non-legal aspects.
麦子：这属于图书馆馆藏建设101的内容。
麦子：我的体会是，要做到4级也就是研究级，已经是很难。第五级只能在很小的一个学科和主题的收藏上可以做到，要全面做到，即使是国家馆大概也不可能。
麦子：而这和特藏不是一回事。
麦子：其实如果一个图书馆能全面达到3级左右就是相当厉害了。
图谋：关于特藏建设，图谋深圳之行，重点留意了南方科技大学涵泳图书馆、深圳南山图书馆数字年书项目，二者有不少可取之处。
图谋：近年不少图书馆在特藏建设方面下了功夫，有一定比例确实取得了可喜成绩。